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Thousands of more graves were added and new sections were opened up, including one for Confederates, angering some Union veterans, especially African Americans who believed they were not given the same respect. James Parks, a teenager at the beginning of the Civil War, would become a lifelong employee of the national cemetery, garnering so much respect that when he died in 1929, he was buried at Arlington with full military honors. He is the only formerly enslaved person from the Arlington House plantation currently buried in a marked grave at Arlington.
The Robert E. Lee Memorial
Entry to Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial, the Robert E. Lee Museum, and the slave quarters is free.Reservations are not required to tour the house. For a time, General Lee hoped to regain possession of Arlington for his wife, but all of his legal advisors told him it was impossible. Mary Lee never got over losing Arlington House and spent much of the last years of her life writing to newspaper editors, friends and politicians complaining about the illegal seizure of her property.
In Reckoning With Confederate Monuments, Other Countries Could Provide Examples
In 1825, Lafayette described the view from the portico as the finest he had seen in America. Custis and the Marquis spent many hours and days together, touring Revolutionary War sites and talking about important issues facing the nation. Lafayette was an ardent abolitionist and he lectured Custis on the evils and economic inefficiency of slavery. Custis used his wealth of reminiscences to write his Conversations with Lafayette, which was published in a local newspaper in 1825. The Custis's only child, Mary Anna Randolph Custis, married her childhood friend and distant cousin, Robert E. Lee, in June 1831.
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The Impact of War
The stucco finish greatly enhanced the striking and iconic neoclassical image of Arlington House as applauded then and still appreciated today. The Lee family lost ownership of the Arlington property during the war, but a U.S. Supreme Court decision in U.S. v. Lee (1882) ruled that the house had been seized without due process and resulted in a congressional act in 1883 authorizing the purchase of the property from George Washington Custis Lee for $150,000.
On WAHA's Stroll through the neighborhood, you'll see a home owned by the president of the Pacific Electric Railway, and another owned by the proprietor of an automobile dealership for luxury "REOs," the high-end brand designed by Ransom Eli Olds, inventor of the Oldsmobile. Additionally, “workforce investments in the new budget include salary increases and an increase in family leave benefits for current county staff,” according to a news release. On June 30, 1831, Custis' only child, Mary Anna, married her childhood friend and distant cousin, Robert E. Lee. Lee was the son of former three-term Virginia Governor Henry (“Light Horse Harry”) Lee and was himself a graduate of West Point.
Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial
Now called the Peace Awareness Labyrinth & Gardens, the property is open to the public, and tours of the ground floor of the mansion are available. The grand home had marble pillars and chandeliers, and a richly ornamented interior. Alas, by 1946, Guasti owed back taxes in the six-figure range, so he sold the house and everything in it. It was sort of neglected from a preservation standpoint until about 1974, when the Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness bought the property set to work restoring it to use as their headquarters. As you walk through these streets, you'll discover a variety of architectural styles, from Craftsman to Spanish and Art Deco, to Atomic Age Googie.
Showing the "ugly parts" of the mansion's history
Built by Lee's father-in-law G.W.P. Custis in 1803–1818, Arlington House is a Greek Revival style mansion designed by the English architect George Hadfield. McDaniel was known as a fantastic hostess, and she frequently held parties in the house that were attended by the elites of black Hollywood. While she lived here, she also helped mount a court case that laid the groundwork for the Fair Housing Act. The Sugar Hill neighborhood was cut in half when the 10 Freeway was built. The mansion dates to 1903, and was built for “music store mogul” James T. Fitzgerald by architect Joseph Cather Newsom, who also designed the incredible and long-gone Bradbury Mansion on Bunker Hill. This is the first real estate tax increase approved by the board since 2020.
History
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The mansion was built between 1802 and 1818 by George Washington Parke Custis, step-grandson and adopted son of George Washington, to serve as a memorial to the nation's first president. In 1955, Congress designated Arlington House as the nation's memorial to Robert E. Lee1. Throughout the war, the Arlington estate also supported thousands of African Americans fleeing enslavement in the South.
Visit Historic Arlington House
The Court stated in ringing language that to accept the government's position would be to sanction "a tyranny which has no existence in the monarchies of Europe, nor in any other government which has a just claim to well-regulated liberty and the protection of personal rights." Meanwhile, the war's mounting human toll had overwhelmed the capacity of cemeteries in the D.C. Army, authorized military burials on the Arlington property — the presence of graves, he believed, would deter the Lees from ever returning. On May 13, 1864, Private William Christman became the first soldier to be buried at Arlington, and on June 15, 1864, the Army formally designated 200 acres of the property as a military cemetery. Meigs himself was later buried within 100 yards of Arlington House, along with his wife, father and son. Built for the mother-in-law of Dr. Granville MacGowan, whose family had the home next door, the Briggs Residence was built so that people could flow easily between the two large Alpine Craftsman houses.
McDaniel’s former estate sits in a neighborhood called Sugar Hill that was once a popular area for wealthy African Americans. A 1993 Los Angeles Times article from when the hospice opened described the house's “warm wood paneling, colorfully stenciled floors and Arts and Crafts tiled fireplaces.” The dwelling's gambrel roof is still visible over the wall of hedges along Adams Boulevard. The Dutch Colonial-style Wells-Halliday Mansion was built in 1901 for Eliza W. Halliday, the widow of Captain William Parker Halliday, a “Civil War millionaire.” Ms. Halliday seemed to keep residence in the 12-room estate until about 1920. Located on a corner lot, the fantastic house has been a private residence, a home for retired actors, and a kind of community center.
"We all grew up being very excited that we were connected to the Lees," she says. "We also grew up knowing slavery was horrible, but the family didn't talk about the space in between, that the Lees were enslavers." "I think where people would like to paint us as a certain way being General Lee's grandchildren," Lee says. Finding Our Voice organizer Stephen Hammond was among the participants at Saturday's Arlington House reunion. "My grandmother kept trying to push it on us when she would bring us up here — 'That's your great-great-grandmother's house. She was kind of like a maid to Mrs. Lee,'" Torres recalls.
Arlington National Cemetery has tripled in acreage and over 400,000 more American service members have been laid to rest in its hallowed ground. Today, Arlington House and Arlington National Cemetery are among the most visited sites in the national capital area. On July 7, 1804, Custis married Mary Lee "Molly" Fitzhugh, a devout evangelical Christian from a prominent Virginia family with close ties to the Washingtons and Lees.
On December 29, 1862, Lee ultimately signed letters of emancipation for everyone enslaved by Custis including those at Arlington. This belated emancipation, has been seen by some as an empty gesture since Lee knew that Lincoln's "Emancipation Proclamation," announced on September 22, 1862, would go into effect on January 1, 1863. However, the manumission carried out by Lee guaranteed freedom no matter what the outcome of the war. Robert E. Lee did not intend to make Arlington House his permanent home, as he was an ambitious young officer hoping to build a career and advance quickly in the Army which required him to serve in distant posts throughout the sprawling country. Molly Custis's views on slavery would ultimately be a major influence on George Washington Parke Custis's decision to emancipate the enslaved that he owned.
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